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81.
Response of generalist and specialist insects to qualitative allelochemical variation 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
We examined the effects of a set of four biosynthetically related iridoid glycosides, aucubin, catalpol, loganin, and asperuloside, on larvae of a generalist,Lymantria dispar (Lymantriidae), the gypsy moth, and an adapted specialist, the buckeye,Junonia coenia (Nymphalidae). In general,L. dispar grew and survived significantly less well on artificial diets containing iridoid glycoside, compared to a control diet without iridoid glycosides. In choice tests, previous exposure to a diet containing iridoid glycosides caused larvae subsequently to prefer iridoid glycoside-containing diets even though they were detrimental to growth and survival. In contrast,J coenia larvae grew and survived better on diets with aucubin and catalpol, the two iridoid glycosides found in the host plantPlantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae), than on diets with no iridoid glycoside or with loganin and asperuloside. The results of choice tests of diets with and without iridoid glycosides and between diets with different iridoid glycosides reflected these differences as well. These results are discussed in terms of (1) differences between generalists and specialists in their response to qualitative variation in plant allelochemical content, (2) the induction of feeding preferences, and (3) the evolution of qualitative allelochemical variation as a plant defense. 相似文献
82.
This paper deals with the design of a nonlinear observer for sensorless induction motor control. Based upon the circle criterion approach, a nonlinear observer is designed to estimate pertinent but unmeasurable state variables of the considered induction machine for sensorless control purpose. The observer gain matrices are computed as a solution of linear matrix inequalities(LMI) that ensure the stability conditions of the state observer error dynamics in the sense of Lyapunov concepts. Measured and estimated state variables can be exploited to perform a state feedback control of the machine system. The simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for nonlinear observer design. 相似文献
83.
发动机组是火电厂各生产环节中重要的组成部分,其运行效率不但决定了生产效率,还关系着各类生产资源应用的有效性,对实现节能降耗具有重要意义,所以,必须加强对其运行稳定性的管理。分析了火电厂发动机组常见电气故障,并提出了相应的解决措施。 相似文献
84.
利用电磁感应辅助加热挤压膨化机对植物秸秆进行了膨化加工试验。研究结果表明:电磁感应辅助加热挤压膨化机利用高频转换器产生的高频电流,从而达到控制挤压膨化温度的作用。一级电磁感应加热,预热植物纤维,控制温度在80~110℃,二级电磁感应加热,为秸秆挤压膨化加工提供稳定的高温高压条件,控制温度在250~300℃。膨化量可达到200~400 kg/h,膨化产品粗纤维含量下降30%~50%,无氮浸出物含量在20%以上,代谢能提高近10倍。电磁感应辅助加热挤压膨化技术研究为形成工业化规模的秸秆膨化加工利用奠定了良好的基础。 相似文献
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87.
无轴承异步电机具有非线性、多变量和强耦合的特点,要实现电机稳定悬浮和旋转运行,必须对其进行非线性动态解耦控制。为了克服逆系统方法精确建模难的局限性,采用基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)α阶逆系统方法对无轴承异步电机进行动态解耦控制的研究。首先利用最小二乘支持向量机辨识出无轴承异步电机的逆模型,然后将它串联在原系统前,将无轴承异步电机解耦成四个独立的伪线性子系统-2个径向位移子系统、一个速度子系统和一个磁链子系统。为保证鲁棒性能,最后对解耦后的系统采用非线性内模控制策略。研究表明,LS-SVMα阶逆系统方法能够实现无轴承异步电机径向悬浮力和旋转力之间的动态解耦控制,控制系统具有良好的静态和动态性能。 相似文献
88.
针对感应加热电源频率跟踪设计中传统锁相环电路设计复杂、跟踪速度慢、锁相频带窄、单独模块设计修改繁琐等问题,提出一种基于FPGA的自动变模控制感应加热电源全数字锁相环,即拓展锁相环中心频率频带和采用变模控制实现快速频率跟踪.应用SOC技术完成系统设计,并进行典型频带的计算机仿真.仿真结果证实了该设计具有宽范围的锁相能力及快速精确的频率跟踪性能,满足感应加热电源对负载频率变化的快速跟踪要求. 相似文献
89.
Chemical analysis of volatiles emitted by Pinus svlvestris after induction by insect oviposition 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analyses of the headspace volatiles of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) induced by egg deposition of the sawfly Diprion pini were conducted. The odor blend of systemically oviposition-induced pine twigs, attractive for the eulophid egg parasitoid Chrysonotomyia ruforum, was compared to volatiles released by damaged pine twigs (control) that are not attractive for the parasitoid. The mechanical damage inflicted to the control twigs mimicked the damage by a sawfly female prior to egg deposition. The odor blend released by oviposition-induced pine twigs consisted of numerous mono- and sesquiterpenes, which all were also present in the headspace of the artificially damaged control twigs. A quantitative comparison of the volatiles from oviposition-induced twigs and controls revealed that only the amounts of (E)--farnesene were significantly higher in the volatile blend of the oviposition-induced twigs. Volatiles from pine twigs treated with jasmonic acid (JA) also attract the egg parasitoid. No qualitative differences were detected when comparing the composition of the headspace of JA-treated pine twigs with the volatile blend of untreated control twigs. JA-treated pine twigs released significantly higher amounts of (E)--farnesene. However, the JA treatment induced a significant increase of the amount of further terpenoid components. The release of terpenoids by pine after wounding, egg deposition, and JA treatment is discussed with special respect to (E)--farnesene. 相似文献
90.
ZHOU HaiQiang JU Ping YANG Hui & SUN Ran Electrical Engineering School HoHai University Nanjing China Henan Power Dispatching & Communication Center Zhengzhou 《中国科学:信息科学(英文版)》2010,(4)
The existing equivalent methods usually only deal with static load models and neglect the dynamic characteristics of loads such as induction motors.This paper presents a dynamic equivalent method which considers motor dynamics.At first,the clustering criterion of motor loads is given.The motors with similar dynamic characteristics are classified into one group.Then,reduction of motors in the same group is carried out.Finally,parameters of the equivalent motor are calculated and the equivalent system is thus... 相似文献